Calcium Channel Blocker

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Calcium Channel Blocker is any of a group of drugs used to treat disorders of the cardiovascular system. Examples of disorders include high blood pressure (hypertension), angina pectoris (chest pains caused by reduced oxygen flow to the heart muscle), and irregular heartbeat. These drugs are also effective in treating migraine headaches.

Calcium channel blockers interfere with the movement of calcium in cells of the blood vessels and heart. This has the effect of slowing the heart rate and dilating blood vessel walls, thereby reducing blood pressure and easing the heart’s workload. It also increases the supply of oxygen-carrying blood to the heart muscle, providing relief from angina pain. Specific calcium channel blockers include diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil.

Calcium channel blockers are prescription drugs available as tablets and capsules. They are taken in one or more doses ranging from 5 to 480 mg per day, depending on the particular drug and the condition being treated. An injectable liquid form is typically prescribed in 5- to 10-mg doses. Effectiveness may not be apparent for two to four weeks. Because calcium channel blockers control but do not cure cardiovascular problems, they are often used in long-term therapy (months to years) even after symptoms are relieved.

Patients taking calcium channel blockers should not stop taking the drugs abruptly, as their condition may worsen. Exercise or other physical exertion should be approved by a doctor. These drugs have not been proven safe for use during pregnancy.

Potential side effects associated with calcium channel blockers include constipation, diarrhea, fluid retention, headache, nausea, and dizziness. The dizziness and headache will usually dissipate as the physician adjusts the dosage. Calcium channel blockers may interact adversely with other prescription medications such as digoxin, cimetidine, or various blood thinners.

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