Arthroplasty
Many advances have been made in recent years in the design, manufacture, and insertion of new joints , using alloys and sturdy plastics that the body tolerates well. Many patients with diseased hips have achieved greater mobility and relief from pain as a result of hip replacements. Other joints, such as the shoulder, knee, elbow, and ankle also are good candidates for arthroplasty. Flexible silicone joints made in one piece can now be inserted into joints in the hand. These artificial joints are proving useful in treating deformities produced by rheumatoid arthritis and in enabling pain-free movement, particularly in the joints at the base of the fingers.