Cesarean Section

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Cesarean Section, surgical removal of the fetus through incisions in the abdominal wall and the uterus. This operation has been practiced since ancient times on dead and, probably, dying mothers to save the life of the fetus.

In present-day obstetrics a cesarean section is performed for cases in which the size of the birth canal is too small to allow the fetus to pass. The operation also is used in cases of abnormal developments during delivery, such as hemorrhage or tumors in the mother, failure of the cervix to dilate, fetal distress (lack of oxygen), or difficult positioning of the fetus. See Pregnancy and Childbirth.

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